翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Carbonless copy paper ・ Carbonne ・ Carbonneau ・ Carbonton, North Carolina ・ Carbonville, Utah ・ Carbonyl ・ Carbonyl alpha-substitution reactions ・ Carbonyl bromide ・ Carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone ・ Carbonyl cyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone ・ Carbonyl fluoride ・ Carbonyl iron ・ Carbonyl metallurgy ・ Carbonyl oxidation with hypervalent iodine reagents ・ Carbonyl reductase (NADPH) ・ Carbonyl reduction ・ Carbonyl sulfide ・ Carbonylation ・ Carbonyldiimidazole ・ CarboNZero programme ・ Carbonária ・ Carbon–carbon bond ・ Carbon–fluorine bond ・ Carbon–hydrogen bond ・ Carbon–hydrogen bond activation ・ Carbon–nitrogen bond ・ Carbon–oxygen bond ・ Carboot Soul ・ Carbophenothion ・ Carboplatin Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Carbonyl reduction ： ウィキペディア英語版 Carbonyl reduction Carbonyl reduction in organic chemistry is the organic reduction of any carbonyl group containing compound by a reducing agent. Typical carbonyl compounds are ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids and esters. A carbonyl group can be reduced to the alcohol or the oxygen atom can be removed altogether, a process called deoxygenation. Many reducing agents are metal hydrides based on boron and aluminum. A second important method is catalytic hydrogenation.〔''Advanced organic chemistry: Structure and mechanisms'' Francis A. Carey, Richard J. Sundberg 2nd Ed.〕Carbonyl reductions are important to the pharmaceutical Industry. ==Mechanism== The reaction mechanism for metal hydride reduction is based on nucleophilic addition of hydride to the carbonyl carbon. In some cases, the alkali metal cation, especially Li+, participates by coordination to the carbonyl oxygen, thereby enhancing the electrophilicity of the carbonyl. Thus, LiAlH4 is more reactive than NaAlH4 because the smaller lithium cation is a better Lewis acid. A crown ether lowers its reactivity. Alkoxide substitution in metal hydrides increases solubility and selectivity. An example is Red-Al. Replacement of H- by electrongative 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Carbonyl reduction」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.